Six countries are seed hubs; three countries lack breeding and production activities

India, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, the Philippines and Bangladesh can be considered seed hubs, based on the concentration of production, breeding and processing activities by index companies in these countries. From a business point of view, it is logical that companies concentrate their breeding and production activities in select countries. For the country itself, these kinds of investments can have a positive effect on the advancement of the national seed industry. No company reports having breeding activities in Afghanistan, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Neither was evidence found of production or processing activities in Afghanistan or Cambodia. However, local seed companies (not included in this index) do report having breeding activities in Afghanistan and Cambodia.